Stair-step cracks
Stair-step cracking through mortar joints can appear when masonry moves. Significance depends on location, width, progression, and nearby structural symptoms.
Cracks near openings
Cracking or separation around windows, doors, and garage openings can be useful clues when combined with interior symptoms.
Vertical or horizontal cracks
Different crack orientations can have different causes. Avoid assuming a repair method from orientation alone.
Document before repair
Photograph cracks and note changes before cosmetic patching so the pattern can be evaluated later.